![]() ![]() Usage of a sealer and a coated core material creates an extra third gap between the coating layer and the core material and is defined as a tertiary monoblock.Īccording to the Tay and Pashley classification, the EndoRez, Activ GP, and SmartSeal create a tertiary monoblock unit in the root canal. Usage of a sealer and a core material creates two gaps, in which one is between dentin and the sealer and the other is between the sealer and core material, and is defined as a secondary monoblock. ![]() 3 Filling of root canals with only a filling material such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) creates a gap between the dentin and MTA and therefore is defined as a primary monoblock. Tay and Pashley defined monoblock units according to the number of gaps between the core material and dentin. 12 In addition, it allows the sealer to carry its antimicrobial effect into dentinal tubules and increases the contact surface between the sealer and dentin, thus enhancing sealing ability. 11 Dentinal tubule penetration of the sealer creates a micromechanical lock and enhances the retention and resistance to dislocation of the sealer. Villa Farm, Stamford, UK) have been produced.Īdhe s ion to dentin is mostly based on the micromechanical retention obtained from the collagen matrix in the intertubular dentin exposed during the hybridization process, 8, 9 and minimally based on the effect of dentinal tubules 10 and chemical interaction between the dentin and adhesive systems. 7 Thus, obturation systems using coated core materials allowing the adhesion between the sealer and core, such as EndoRez (Ultradent Product Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA), Activ GP (Brasseler, Savannah, GA, USA) and SmartSeal (DFRP Ltd. 6 However, sealers can adhere to the root canal wall, but none are able to bond to GP, leaving a gap through which bacteria may pass. 5 It has previously been shown that an endodontic sealer should adhere both to the GP cone and dentin walls. 3, 4 As gutta-percha (GP) does not bond to dentin, it is crucial to use it with a root canal sealer to adhere to dentin. 1, 2 A corono-apical seal inside the root canal system is essential to prevent the proliferation of residual microorganisms that cause reinfection.Īdhesive applications in restorative dentistry have resulted in the monoblock concept, consisting of a continuous bond among the root dentin, core material, and root canal sealer that is believed to enhance the sealing ability and reinforce the residual root structure against vertical root fracture. ![]() Although the reduction or elimination of microorganisms responsible for endodontic diseases and failure is the primary goal of endodontic treatment, it is not possible to create a microorganism-free medium inside a root canal system despite current root canal disinfection agents and techniques. ![]()
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